MySql stores all columns properties in it’s INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS table. By querying this table you can get all required information.
Here is example of getting all information of columns of table named unti_lookup
SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_name = \'unit_lookup\';
Here is one sample query for getting all important information of a table columns
SELECT COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, COLUMN_TYPE FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_name = \'unit_lookup\';